It is the beginning of the tomato season and you will get a little overwhelmed with all the different types of tomatoes. Here are some descriptions of the different categories most tomatoes fall into that you will see at Orchard Nursery. At last count, there were around 75-90 different varieties of tomatoes.
Beefsteak:
Large and fleshy tomatoes that have 6-inch diameters. Small pulp cavities make them ideal slicing tomatoes. Rich deep tomato flavor with pronounced sweetness.
Cherry:
Almost spherical with tender, thin skin. Varies from large grape to ping-pong ball size. Juicy with tiny seeds. Rich, sweet flavor profile. Colors can be orange, red, yellow, and white.
Common:
Medium-sized with brightly colored skin and flesh. Generally attached to the vine. Sweet tomato flavor. Medium sized pulp cavities and seeds.
Grape:
Elongated, bantam-sized, usually less than one inch in length. Grown in clusters like grapes. Red, shiny skin. Juicy with concentrated sweetness.
Green:
Unripe tomatoes, generally medium to large varieties. Tart and mildly acidic, these tomatoes require cooking. Most often they are dredged in cornmeal and pan-fried.
Heirloom:
Can have odd shapes, some deeply fluted. Intriguing colors, some variegated in two or more colors. Rich, sweet homegrown tomato taste with relatively low acidity and abundant juice. There are many different interpretations of what an heirloom tomato is, but most authorities agree that heirlooms, by definition, must be open-pollinated. They may also be open-pollinated varieties that were bred and stabilized using classic breeding practices. It is currently generally agreed that no genetically modified organisms can be considered heirloom cultivars.
Roma, Plum:
Elongated shape with meaty, thick flesh and few seeds. Generally red, but yellow varieties exist. Less acidity and sweetness. Great for sauces and drying.
Teardrop, Pear:
Small, teardrop-shaped, usually under 1 inch long. Juicy texture of cherry tomato but milder flavor profile.
Colors can be orange, red, and yellow.
With so many to choose from, you can enjoy using them raw out of the hand or in a salad, or sandwiches. Or cook: sauté, roast, simmer, or boil. Have fun and good eating!
Resources used for the group descriptions: Melissa's Great Book of Produce, Everything You Need to Know About Fresh Fruits and Vegetables, by Cathy Thomas
Tomatoes need sun, warm weather and uniform deep moisture. Feed once to get plants started, then once a month after fruit set. Provide stakes or cages to support vines.
In many descriptions of tomatoes you will see the words 'indeterminate and 'determinate'. This is what they mean: determinate types are bushier, need little or no staking, and tend to set their flowers, then develop all the fruit at about the same time. Many commercial varieties are of this type for efficient harvesting.
Indeterminate types are more vine-like and need training, either stake, trellis or cage. Blooms and fruit are continually produced throughout the growing season. Many favorites of the backyard farmer are of this type.